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Biochar and biomass policy in India and abroad
Plain-language guides to the rules driving demand for biochar and torrefied biomass, updated as governments publish new targets.
- CCTS targets for iron and steelPlant-wise emission-intensity targets for 255 units from FY 2026-27.
- Green steel star ratingHow India rates steel by tCO₂ per tonne of finished steel.
- Biomass co-firing mandate5% at every coal plant, 7% in the NCR, under the Ministry of Power policy.
- EU CBAM and Indian steelThe carbon charge on steel imported into the EU since January 2026.
- EU rules for biochar importsFertilising products rules, REACH, EUDR and the CRCF.
Policy milestones
| Date | Milestone | Who it affects |
|---|---|---|
| 31 Mar 2027 | First steel compliance year under CCTS ends | 255 iron and steel units |
| 30 Dec 2026 | EU Deforestation Regulation applies, including wood charcoal (HS 4402) | Exporters of wood-based biochar to the EU |
| Jul 2026 | Revised draft CCTS targets published for 255 iron and steel units | Integrated and secondary steel |
| 7 May 2026 | EU CRCF biochar carbon-removal method applies | Biochar CDR projects selling into Europe |
| Apr 2026 | FY 2026-27 begins: steel compliance year and green steel rating | Steel producers |
| Jan 2026 | Final CCTS targets for cement, aluminium and five other sectors; EU CBAM charges begin | Cement, refineries, textiles; steel exporters |
| Nov 2025 | Comprehensive biomass co-firing policy notified | All coal-based thermal power plants |
| Dec 2024 | Green steel taxonomy launched | Steel producers |